Mattia et al. (2007) present data that shows that the Island of Pantelleria is “deforming due to volcanic and tectonic activity”. The authors “use electro-optical distance meter, leveling, GPS, and differential interferometry synthetic aperture radar data to constrain the inter-eruptive deformation pattern.” They “observe subsidence affecting the main caldera of Pantelleria, in the central southern sector of the island. Subsidence is mainly related to hydrothermal cooling and/or fluid withdrawal from a shallow (4 km below sea level) magma chamber located beneath the caldera”.
Mattia et al. (2007): “The EDM and GPS networks on Pantelleria are described by Bonaccorso and Mattia [2000]. The EDM geodetic network was installed and measured for the first time in October 1979. Originally, the network comprised 15 benchmarks and 42 baselines. This configuration was remeasured in October 1980, in April 1982, and in 1995. The network was then updated with the reinstallation of four benchmarks, near their former positions, and with the addition of two new benchmarks. In September 1996, the first GPS survey on Pantelleria was carried out, using 10 of the already existing benchmarks of the EDM network and setting up a new one (Bue Marino). This network was measured in 1998, 2000, and 2003″.
The 56 benchmark leveling line is measured by the Osservatorio Vesuviano, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) (Naples, Italy), was distributed on two lines [Berrino et al., 1982]. Currently, the network consists of 100 benchmarks [Obrizzo, 1996; Behncke et al., 2006]. The leveling lines were measured in 1980, 1988, 1991, and 1996. [Berrino et al., 1982; Del Gaudio et al., 1988; Obrizzo et al., 1993; Obrizzo, 1996; Behncke et al., 2006].
There is ERS-2 coverage of the island, present in Mattia et al. (2007).
The Instituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) monitors active volcanoes in Italy via multiparametric systems. In particular, the INGV Observatories Vesuviano and Etneo are responsible for the surveillance of the Campi Flegrei, Vesuvius, Ischia, Etna, Stromboli, Panarea, Lipari, Vulcano and Pantelleria volcanoes (Brown et al., 2008).